Hydraulic press & Hydraulic lift application

Describe an actual heavy Hydraulic Press:- 

The hydraulic press is a deceive which is used for lifting heavy weights by applying a much smaller force. Its work is based on Pascal's Law, Which states that the intensity of pressure in a static fluid acts equally in all directions. The hydraulic press consists of two cylinders of different diameters. One cylinder has a larger dia. while the other has a smaller. Ram and plunger are provided. The cylinder is interconnected by a pipe so that the pressure inside both the cylinder remains the same as per Pascal's Law. When a small force F is applied on the plunger in a downward direction, then pressure is produced in the smaller cylinder which is transmitted to the bigger cylinder and this pressure acts upward on the ram having a bigger cross-sectional area thereby exerting bigger force.  The heavier weight placed on the ram is lifted up by this pressure force.

The pressure intensity in the plunger = F/a
The pressure intensity on the Ram = W/A

As per Pascal's  Law,  W/A = F/a
                                   or, W = F x A/a
Mechanical advantage,   MA = load / effort
                                               = W / F

Generally, a lever is used for applying force on the plunger. This helps in applying a force F' smaller than F which can lift wight 'W' as below,.........
The pressure intensity on the plunger = F /a




Taking moment at point A, we have,

                                  Σ MA = 0, F' x L = F x l
                                    or,         F = F' x L / l                               [  L > l,  hence F' < F ]


Actual Heavy Hydraulic Press:-   Al actual hydraulic press consist of a ram sliding in a cylinder, to wich a high-pressure liquid is applied. One such press pict. below,......


The cylinder is fixed to the upper fixed platten while the Ram is fixed to the movable platten so that the movable platten can move with the Ram in between the two fixed plates. When high-pressure liquid enters the fixed cylinder, the ram moves down with movable platten and perform desirable mechanical operation like punching or forging. The Ram moves up the removal of liquid from the cylinder and lifting of movable platten is carried ours with weight and pulleys system. 

The application of Hydraulic Press is,..........

 1) Metal press work, i.e, metal forming

2) Forging press

3) Plates press

4) Packing press

5) Bending & straightening press

6) Punching press

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